Space telescope launched on daring quest to behold 1st stars
Category: News & Politics
Via: nowhere-man • 3 years ago • 13 commentsBy: mynorthwest (MyNorthwest. com)
S E E D E D C O N T E N T
Dec 24, 2021, 2:22 PM | Updated: Dec 25, 2021, 7:41 am
Arianespace's Ariane 5 rocket with NASA's James Webb Space Telescope onboard, lifts off Saturday, Dec. 25, 2021, at Europe's Spaceport, the Guiana Space Center in Kourou, French Guiana. The world's largest and most powerful space telescope has blasted off on a high-stakes quest to behold light from the first stars and galaxies. NASA's James Webb Space Telescope rocketed away Saturday from French Guiana in South America. (ESA-CNES-ARIANESPACE via AP)
BY ASSOCIATED PRESS
The world's largest and most powerful space telescope rocketed away Saturday on a high-stakes quest to behold light from the first stars and galaxies and scour the universe for hints of life.
NASA's James Webb Space Telescope soared from French Guiana on South America's northeastern coast, riding a European Ariane rocket into the Christmas morning sky.
"What an amazing Christmas present," said Thomas Zurbuchen, NASA's science mission chief.
The $10 billion observatory hurtled toward its destination 1 million miles (1.6 million kilometers) away, or more than four times beyond the moon. It will take a month to get there and another five months before its infrared eyes are ready to start scanning the cosmos.
First, the telescope's enormous mirror and sunshield need to unfurl; they were folded origami-style to fit into the rocket's nose cone. Otherwise, the observatory won't be able to peer back in time 13.7 billion years as anticipated, within a mere 100 million years of the universe-forming Big Bang.
NASA Administrator Bill Nelson called Webb a time machine that will provide "a better understanding of our universe and our place in it: who we are, what we are, the search that's eternal."
"We are going to discover incredible things that we never imagined," Nelson said following liftoff, speaking from Florida's Kennedy Space Center. But he cautioned: "There are still innumerable things that have to work and they have to work perfectly … we know that in great reward there is great risk."
Intended as a successor to the aging Hubble Space Telescope, the long-delayed James Webb is named after NASA's administrator during the 1960s. NASA partnered with the European and Canadian space agencies to build and launch the new 7-ton telescope, with thousands of people from 29 countries working on it since the 1990s.
With the launch falling on Christmas and a global surge in COVID-19 cases, there were fewer spectators at the French Guiana launch site than expected. Nelson bowed out along with a congressional delegation and many contractors who worked on the telescope.
Around the world, astronomers and countless others tuned in, anxious to see Webb finally taking flight after years of setbacks. Last-minute technical snags bumped the launch nearly a week, then gusty wind pushed it to Christmas. A few of the launch controllers wore Santa caps in celebration.
"We have delivered a Christmas gift today for humanity," said European Space Agency director general Josef Aschbacher. He described it as a special moment, but added: "It's very nerve-racking. I couldn't do launches every single day. This would not be good for my life expectancy."
Cheers and applause erupted in and outside Launch Control following Webb's flawless launch, with jubilant scientists embracing one another amid shouts of "Go Webb!" and signs that read: "Bon Voyage Webb."
Cameras on the rocket's upper stage provided one last glimpse of the shimmering telescope against a backdrop of Earth, before it sped away. "That picture will be burned into my mind forever," Zurbuchen told journalists.
The telescope's showpiece: a gold-plated mirror more than 21 feet (6.5 meters) across.
Protecting the observatory is a wispy, five-layered sunshield, vital for keeping the light-gathering mirror and heat-sensing infrared detectors at subzero temperatures. At 70 feet by 46 feet (21 meters by 14 meters), it's the size of a tennis court.
If all goes well, the sunshield will be opened three days after liftoff, taking at least five days to unfold and lock into place. Next, the mirror segments should open up like the leaves of a drop-leaf table, 12 days or so into the flight.
In all, hundreds of release mechanisms need to work — perfectly — in order for the telescope to succeed. Such a complex series of actions is unprecedented — "like nothing we've done before," noted NASA program director Greg Robinson.
"Now it's our job to start from here and keep going," said Massimo Stiavelli, an astronomer who heads the Webb mission office at the Space Telescope Science Institute in Baltimore. The institute serves as the control hub for Hubble and, now, Webb.
The Hubble Space Telescope will be a tough act to follow, according to Stiavelli and retired astronaut-astronomer Steven Hawley, even though Webb is 100 times more powerful.
Hawley, in fact, is more stressed over Webb than he was for Hubble, which he released into orbit from space shuttle Discovery in 1990. That's because Webb will be too far away for rescuing, as was necessary when Hubble turned out to have blurry vision from a defective mirror.
Spacewalking repairs by astronauts transformed Hubble into a beloved marvel that has revolutionized humanity's understanding of the universe, casting its eyes as far back as 13.4 billion years. It's now up to Webb to draw even closer to the Big Bang 13.8 billion years ago, its infrared vision keener and more far-reaching than Hubble's is in the shorter visible and ultraviolet wavelengths.
NASA is shooting for 10 years of operational life from Webb. Engineers deliberately left the fuel tank accessible for a top-off by visiting spacecraft, if and when such technology becomes available.
"Hubble is like the perfect story. It starts badly, then the cavalry fixes it, then it's a major success. It's almost a Christmas movie in a way," Stiavelli said following Webb's liftoff. "It's a high bar, but hopefully the science contributions of Webb will be up there."
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Christmas Day 2021 Man reaches out to touch his beginnings... (or at least try to get a picture of it)
The James Webb Space Telescope on it's way... said to be 100 times as powerful as Hubble.... It will be about two weeks before we know if it is a successful launch... fingers crossed...
Hopefully it will. I can't imagine they want a 10 billion dollar piece of space junk orbiting the sun. There will be no repair crews if it doesn't.
Wasn't one of the intended purposes of the international space station to be for satellites like this to be built and launched in space so things like deploying solar panels could be repaired on the spot?
Yep, it's got like three different unfold functions that all need to go perfectly, some 20 or 30 different mechanical operations each... If any of them fail?
But they even included a refillable fuel tank just in case we develop the tech to get to it again...
It'll be too far out there ~ a million miles give or take.
Yeah, a bit optomistic I think... (read wishful thinking)
No, that's for NEO's. For something like the Webb the government has a crashed UFO they got fixed back up. They'll just take that puppy out there and fix it up.
Here's hoping all goes well. I remember when the Hubble was launched. Despite a few initial glitches, it has never failed to impress. The Webb telescope might be poised to follow, and possibly surpass the Hubble legacy.
I'm so excited, and I just can't hide it. - The Pointer Sisters.
Next week, when they start to compare metric and imperial notes...
Ha! I remember that.
I really hope this goes well. At least it will have some company out there at L2. Somebody should make a Dust video about the three of them having a conversation or something.
The idea that we might be able too see the universe in its infancy, like a cosmic baby picture, is mind boggling. We're looking back 13.6 billion years. In a way, telescopes are time machines.
This clip tells us what's coming up.