NASA mission successfully touched down on asteroid Bennu
By: Ashley Strickland (MSN)
This is pretty damned cool I don't care who you are.
NASA mission successfully touched down on asteroid Bennu
After orbiting the near-Earth asteroid Bennu for nearly two years, NASA's OSIRIS-REx spacecraft successfully touched down and reached out its robotic arm to collect a sample from the asteroid's surface on Tuesday.
© NASA/Goddard/University of Arizona NASA's OSIRIS-REx is ready for touchdown on asteroid Bennu. On Aug. 11, the mission will perform its "Matchpoint" rehearsal -- the second practice run of the Touch-and-Go sample collection event. The rehearsal will be similar to the Apr. 14 "Checkpoint" rehearsal, which practiced the first two maneuvers of the descent, but this time the spacecraft will add a third maneuver, called the Matchpoint burn, and fly even closer to sample site Nightingale -- reaching an altitude of approximately 131 ft (40 m) -- before backing away from the asteroid. This artist's rendering shows OSIRIS-REx spacecraft descending towards asteroid Bennu to collect a sample of the asteroid's surface.
That sample will be returned to Earth in 2023.
To achieve this historic first for NASA, a van-size spacecraft had to briefly touch down its arm in a landing site called Nightingale. The site is the width of a few parking spaces.
The arm reached out to collect a sample, which could be between 2 ounces and 2 kilograms. Then, the spacecraft backed away to safety.
Everything went perfectly based on the data returned by the spacecraft, according to Dante Lauretta, the mission's principal investigator and a professor at the University of Arizona Lunar and Planetary Laboratory. He said he feels "transcendent" and the team is "exuberant" based on the current data.
On Tuesday night, the OSIRIS-REx team will go through the data being sent back by the spacecraft.
"After over a decade of planning, the team is overjoyed at the success of today's sampling attempt," Lauretta said in a statement. "Even though we have some work ahead of us to determine the outcome of the event -- the successful contact, the TAGSAM gas firing, and back-away from Bennu are major accomplishments for the team. I look forward to analyzing the data to determine the mass of sample collected."
The agency will be able to confirm if a sample was successfully collected later and images of the event will be available Wednesday on NASA's site.
"This was an incredible feat -- and today we've advanced both science and engineering and our prospects for future missions to study these mysterious ancient storytellers of the solar system," said Thomas Zurbuchen, associate administrator for NASA's Science Mission Directorate in a statement. "A piece of primordial rock that has witnessed our solar system's entire history may now be ready to come home for generations of scientific discovery, and we can't wait to see what comes next."
The site itself is nestled within a crater the size of a tennis court and ringed in building-size boulders.
Located more than 200 million miles from Earth, Bennu is a boulder-studded asteroid shaped like a spinning top and as tall as the Empire State Building. It's a "rubble pile" asteroid, which is a grouping of rocks held together by gravity rather than a single object.
The mission -- which stands for Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, Security-Regolith Explorer -- launched in September 2016.
Since arriving at Bennu, the spacecraft and its cameras have been collecting and sending back data and images to help the team learn more about the asteroid's composition and map the best potential landing sites to collect samples.
The main event of the mission is the Touch-and-Go sample collection event, or TAG, that occurred today.
Bennu has an orbit that brings it close to Earth, which is why it's considered to be a near-Earth asteroid. One of its future approaches could bring it perilously close to Earth sometime in the next century; it has a one in 2,700 chance of impacting our planet.
The samples from Bennu could help scientists understand not only more about asteroids that could impact Earth but also about how planets formed and life began.
"Today's TAG maneuver was historic," said Lori Glaze, Planetary Science Division director at NASA Headquarters in Washington, in a statement. "The fact that we safely and successfully touched the surface of Bennu, in addition to all the other milestones this mission has already achieved, is a testament to the living spirit of exploration that continues to uncover the secrets of the solar system."
Waiting for the moment
Rather than the so-called "seven minutes of terror" of trying to land the Perseverance rover on Mars next year, the OSIRIS-REx team has experienced "4.5 hours of mild anxiousness," according to Beth Buck, the mission's operations program manager at Lockheed Martin Space in Littleton, Colorado.
The event officially started at 1:57 p.m. ET.
During this time, the spacecraft descended from its orbit around the asteroid and came close enough to touch it.
The asteroid and spacecraft are currently about 207 million miles from Earth, which cause a communication delay of about 18.5 minutes between the mission's team and the spacecraft.
The team at NASA has been sharing animations on the mission's Twitter account depicting what is occurring based on the commands that have already been sent to OSIRIS-REx hours ahead for the sample collection sequence.
A livestream also began at 5 p.m. ET on NASA's site that shares animations and insight from the mission team as they explain the data they're receiving.
The spacecraft performed the entire sequence of approaching the asteroid and collecting the sample autonomously since live commands from Earth were not possible.
Touching down on an asteroid
The event took about 4.5 hours total to unfold and the spacecraft executed three maneuvers to collect the sample.
The spacecraft fired thrusters to leave its safe orbit around the asteroid, which is about 2,500 feet away from the surface, and traveled for a total of four hours before reaching just 410 feet away. Then, the spacecraft adjusted for position and speed to continue descending.
OSIRIS-REx then slowed its descent to target a path so it matched the asteroid's rotation during contact. Its solar panels folded into a Y-wing configuration above the spacecraft to protect them.
At last, OSIRIS-REx touched down for less than 16 seconds. The spacecraft fired a pressurized nitrogen bottle into the asteroid, using the gas as a way to lift material off Bennu's surface.
If sample collection occurred as planned, the spacecraft's collector head captured the stirred up material. This head, located on the 11-foot-long robotic sampling arm, is the only part of the spacecraft that touched Bennu. The team compares it to an air filter in an older model car, perfect for collecting fine material.
Small discs, which can collect dust like sticky pads, are also located on the head in case part of the sampling maneuver didn't go according to plan.
After the event
A camera on the spacecraft has captured footage of the collection event.
The OSIRIS-REx spacecraft was tasked with detecting hazards and delaying its own mission if any obstacles were to get in the way of the sample collection. Based on its simulations, the team estimated there was less than a 6% chance the spacecraft would abort the mission.
Imagery will be returned by the spacecraft on Wednesday, which will provide more details of the sample collection and how the spacecraft is faring.
"It's hard to put into words how exciting it was to receive confirmation that the spacecraft successfully touched the surface and fired one of the gas bottles," said Michael Moreau, OSIRIS-REx deputy project manager at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, in a statement.
"Our first indication of whether we were successful in collecting a sample will come on October 21 when we downlink the back-away movie from the spacecraft," Moreau said. "If TAG made a significant disturbance of the surface, we likely collected a lot of material."
The team estimates that they will have a mass measurement of the sample on Saturday. By October 30, NASA will confirm if the spacecraft collected enough of a sample or if it needs to make another sample collection attempt in January at another landing site called Osprey.
But if everything runs smoothly, the spacecraft and its prized sample will begin the long journey back to Earth next year and land the sample on Earth in 2023.
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No politics.
Pretty damn cool ..... landing on an asteroid.
Wow!
Agreed it's pretty damn cool, I wish it the best of luck on it's return journey and landing
Scary odds considering it's better than winning the lotto.
This is being discussed on NASA TV right now. 352 on Direct TV
Probably tomorrow also.
NOVA will have a story about it tonight on PBS
Hard to believe the complexity and precision required for maneuvering the spacecraft on this mission
Is Bruce Willis still alive?
It's good to see the US is back to space exploration.
It is indeed. And three years from now it will be back. The US at its best.
Private corporations are developing commercial space travel. NASA continues to explore and the US military has a new branch - The Space Force. Ahhh...If only I could live long enough to see how it plays out.
Space Marines ...... OUTSTANDING!
Or in this case their "laser" rifles
Imagine Marines with laser rifles!
We'll see some of it. Development moves far more quickly than before.
Two of my grandparents lived from gaslight and horse/buggy days to electricity, automobiles, airplanes, and then the USA landing on the moon and they thought these were amazing. (They were!)
I was an awestruck child watching Alan Shepard's and John Glenn's achievements and an awestruck young adult watching the moon landing. Then, the Internet. I, too, am amazed.
We most likely won't see full developments for The Space Force, but I look forward to the coming years!
You bet and they will likely be hand me downs from the Army
Hey, i've lived from no PC's to what we have today, landlines to smart phones, no internet to internet, eight track to cassette to CD's to digital, 8mm to VHS to DVD to digital, MRI's, CT scanners, Radiation treatment, arthroscopic surgery, moon landings, the mapping of the human genome etc, etc
Tons of amazing things have happened in MY lifetime
Same with me!
We first got dial-up service in the mid-1990s, and that noise still sets my teeth on edge! LOL!
I have been thinking of making that my ring tone for some time now. I haven't because it is damned annoying but I still want to because it's damned annoying. LOL!
Yeah, another huge one for its time .... fax machines and the modem
I feel like Skynet is about to attack when i hear that ....
This was my Internet for over 35 years:
Lol ... mine to for quite awhile ..... i was at war with the cable company at the time.
I can still remember coming home one day and my father saying "can you imagine they got those guys back" - regarding the Apollo 13 rescue.
It used to be the Navy, right?
Not grunt stuff. Most of that came from the Army.
It is indeed. [deleted] The space force, exploration, colonization, resource tapping, all big time musts. 4G Being installed soon on the moon in anticipation of permanent settlements and bases, including a mars mission.
This is one small example of why science needs to be funded, supported, and encouraged.
Ah yes an age old debate.
Do you buy space vehicles that can land on asteroids or food to feed starving people.
I can argue both sides of that debate equally well.
That sounds more like a fiscal resource allocation debate. Btw, science has also improved agriculture so more people can be fed. It's science that will solve such problems.
Of course it is.
For the most part it doesn't happen by osmosis.
If it's not "funded" it doesn't happen. Funds that are spent on science don't directly feed anyone. People who are already starving don't much care what future Ag innovations science might bring.
Feeding people is great. But adequate food sources is necessary. Overpopulation doesn't help either. Science has helped expand and improve agricultural production, which does feed people. Adequate funding of science only further improves possible improvements and discoveries (not just limited to agriculture too), especially over the long term. If funding is the issue, then funds can be reallocated from other sources or programs and put into scientific development, agricultural production, and other similar programs.
Answer me one rhetorical question.
My family is starving. Why are you spending money landing on a asteroid when we are starving to death?
Money isn't going to do much if food is not available to begin with.
More food isn't going to do any good if the people have already starved to death.
Chicken and egg scenario ..... like i said, i can debate it from either side equally well.
Greater food availability and improved agriculture will help prevent starvation. Can't do anything about those who starved. But we can help prevent future starvation.
Yeah, this is going in the usual direction with you.
Have nice day Gordy ....
You're the one who said you can debate either side. If you don't care to debate, or discuss, that's up to you.
Have a nice day Gordy
Has anyone ever seen a Sci-Fi movie about something coming to Earth from outer space that has a deadly virus of sorts? Wasn't The Andromeda Strain about that? Isn't anyone worried?
I can't speak for other but I'm not worried and yes that's what the Andromeda strain was about
With the cluster eff of 2020... I'm absolutely worried "we're" bringing something alien back.
One interesting thought is, did meteor strikes on Earth in the past bring biological agents like viruses to Earth in the 1st place? Of course, that's dealing with panspermia.
Honestly Gordy, I have no idea. But to me, anything is possible.
Maybe one landed in Wuhan.
For what it's worth:
SpaceX is a cash-flushed rocket company that wants to take man to Mars.
It was set up by eccentric billionaire Elon Musk in 2002 and is based in Hawthorne, California.
SpaceX's first aim was to build rockets that could autonomously land back on Earth and be re-used.
Musk hoped the technology would make flying and operating space flights far cheaper.
SpaceX currently uses its reusable rockets to fly cargo to the International Space Station for Nasa.